Energy conservation is our fundamental physical law. We constantly use it in our calculation as a guide to finding the solution. We never...
Energy conservation is our fundamental physical law. We constantly use it in our calculation as a guide to finding the solution. We never saw it broken. When we saw it as a broken law, we always discovered something new that fixed it. Actually, we discover nature through energy conservation.
There is a consequence of energy conservation, it is the symmetry in time. According to Emmy Noether's theorem, every conservation law comes with a corresponding symmetry. The opposite is true also, every (continuous) symmetry corresponds to a property, which is conserved in the system. In the energy conservation case, time is its symmetry pair. Symmetry in time means, if we do something, we could do it earlier or later, the result would be the same. Time is self evidently symmetric.
Energy conservation and time symmetry are our fundamental laws, yet both laws seem to be broken on the cosmological scale.
Time symmetry is broken by the Big Bang. The Big Bang is a hard limit in the flow of time. According to our current view, time started at the Big Bang. It did not exist before. We have no idea what the Big Bang is, but according to our current view, everything, including the time, started from there. The consequence of this statement is that energy conservation cannot be valid at the moment of the Big Bang.
We have an even bigger problem with energy conservation. Energy conservation, in the cosmological scale, cannot be valid, even today, after the Big Bang. Energy conservation is continuously braking because the universe cannot be static. The universe must be expanding or contracting according to our current cosmological models. Actually, our universe, the space of the universe is expanding. It has hard evidence. The observed redshift on the distant galaxies supports the expansion theory. The expansion of the space causes energy conservation law to be broken, also. Let's consider a photon as it is moving in space. It loses energy as its frequency shifts to the longer wavelengths traveling in the expanding space. Energy is lost in the expanding space without any known compensation mechanism. The suspected but unknown dark energy drives the expansion. Gravity could counterbalance the expansion energy, but according to our observations, dark energy exceeds the force of gravity. Dark energy makes energy conservation even less valid. In our current cosmological model, the energy conservation law is broken.
Both, energy conservation and time symmetry violations have serious consequences.
If time symmetry is not valid at the Big Bang, then energy conservation is not valid at the Big Bang, either. A suggested solution for the problem is the disturbing, hypothetical, universe from nothing theory. Another theoretical solution is the zero-energy universe. The zero-energy universe can fix the energy conservation problem but makes time symmetry valid at the Big Bang, which cannot fit into our current view.
If energy conservation is not valid in the expanding universe, then time symmetry cannot be a valid law in our currently expanding universe. However, all our locally implemented experiments show, energy conservation and time symmetry are valid physical laws. We may suggest that energy conservation law breaks in the space between galaxies and valid inside the galaxies. However, this suggestion would raise even more questions and problems.
We might consider solving the time asymmetry problem with entropy. Entropy shows, that time has direction, so time is asymmetric. However, entropy is a made-up property. Entropy is a consequence. It is a tool to describe the behavior of complex systems, as our universe is. Hence, entropy cannot be the proof of verifying the time asymmetry, as a fundamental, yet broken physical law.
The consequence of our current cosmological model is that energy conservation and time symmetry are not valid laws in our universe. However, our locally implemented experiments support the validity of these laws, and we built our physics on these fundaments. Our local physical laws or our current cosmological model, one of them, cannot be valid. If we want to save our experienced world, then we need to state, our current cosmological model might not, should not, must not be valid. Can a time-symmetric, energy-conserved cosmological model be created?
The grid model is a kind of such a model. In the grid model, the time has no starting point, hence energy can be conserved in the model. The grid model bear one set of physical laws to describe all the states of the universe, hence time can be symmetric in the model.
According to the grid model (see: the label Grid model), our universe exists on a grid field, space itself consists of an ordered (solid) structure of Planck size particles. The structure is the grid field, and the particles are the grid particles. This solid structure is empty space. The grid particles' vibrations affect the structure. Our regular matter, the standard particles exist on this grid structure as waves, as manifestations of synchronized vibrations of the grid particles. In the grid model, the neighboring grid particles' high-frequency asynchronous vibrations can transform to synchronized vibrations, form local structured vibration patterns, waveforms. These waveforms eventually are the standard particles. These waveforms are what we empirically experience in the space; these are the things that exist for us. According to the grid model, the synchronously vibrating grid particles are closer to each other than those, where the vibrations are not synchronized. Thus, the synchronously vibrating grid particles distort the structure of the grid field, distort the space, and create the effect of gravity. Other forces and fields of the standard model are manifested by the patterns of the synchronous vibrations.
Energy conservation and time symmetry are valid properties in a grid model based universe.
In the grid model based cosmology, energy is conserved despite the expanding space. The expansion of the space in the grid model is an interim state of the universe creating a new equilibrium. Space is balanced by the force between the grid particles. A phase change can result in a different equilibrium, a different distance between the grid particles. This change can propagate as expansion-contraction waves, like in the solid materials as the grid field is, would. Every state of the grid-based universe is describable by the behavior of the grid particles and the interactions between them. The same physical laws can be applied to all phases of the evolution of the universe.
The grid model might be a possible model of the universe.
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